民(min)用(yong)(yong)修建導(dao)(dao)體(ti)的(de)挑選依據上(shang)(shang)述規(gui)范的(de)規(gui)則， 民(min)用(yong)(yong)修建線(xian)(xian)纜的(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)除及以下線(xian)(xian)路及消防(fang)線(xian)(xian)路應(ying)選銅(tong)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)外， 可挑選銅(tong)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)、鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)資(zi)料。民(min)用(yong)(yong)修建中銅(tong)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)運用(yong)(yong)最(zui)為遍及， 功能上(shang)(shang)優勢(shi)顯(xian)著， 純鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)底(di)子(zi)沒有選用(yong)(yong)， 在(zai)此不再贅述。而鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)和(he)銅(tong)包鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)相(xiang)較純鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)在(zai)功能上(shang)(shang)改善(shan)許多， 下面首要闡明一下鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)和(he)銅(tong)包鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)技能的(de)運用(yong)(yong)。 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)電(dian)纜鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)電(dian)纜在(zai)我國(guo)(guo)的(de)運用(yong)(yong)概略鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)電(dian)纜在(zai)國(guo)(guo)外尤其是北美(mei)區域運用(yong)(yong)廣(guang)泛， 自(zi)年引進國(guo)(guo)內(nei)以來， 在(zai)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)開展很快， 國(guo)(guo)家和(he)職業也相(xiang)繼出臺相(xiang)關導(dao)(dao)體(ti)規(gui)范和(he)產品規(gui)范規(gui)范出產。
鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)相關規(gui)范(fan)(fan)狀況國(guo)外(wai)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)。美國(guo)ASTM B800 - 05 （2011） 規(gui)范(fan)(fan)規(gui)則(ze)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣用(yong)退火及中(zhong)溫回(hui)火8000 系(xi)列鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)線(xian)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)， 規(gui)則(ze)了(le)6 種用(yong)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)8000 系(xi)列鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)要(yao)求(qiu)； UL44 - 2014 對(dui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)做了(le)要(yao)求(qiu)。 國(guo)內規(gui)范(fan)(fan)（如(ru)(ru)表4 所(suo)示(shi)(shi)）。包含《電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)用(yong)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)線(xian)》、《額(e)外(wai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)0. 6 / 1 kV 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)交聯聚乙烯絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)》、GB / T 31840 - 2015 系(xi)列規(gui)范(fan)(fan)《額(e)外(wai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（Um = 1. 2 kV） 到35 kV （Um = 40. 5 kV） 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)芯擠包絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)》， 以(yi)及國(guo)家(jia)修(xiu)建(jian)規(gui)范(fan)(fan)規(gui)劃圖(tu)集《鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)敷設(she)與(yu)裝(zhuang)置》。 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)功能特色（如(ru)(ru)圖(tu)3 所(suo)示(shi)(shi)）鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)率(lv)是(shi)銅的(de)(de)(de)61. 2%， 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)度為(wei)2. 7g / cm3， 銅的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)度為(wei)8. 9 g / cm3， 則(ze)（8. 9 / 2. 7）× （0. 612 / 1） = 2， 即2 單(dan)位(wei)質量的(de)(de)(de)銅的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)與(yu)1 單(dan)位(wei)質量的(de)(de)(de)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)相同(tong)(tong)。因(yin)而， 在滿意(yi)相同(tong)(tong)導(dao)(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功能的(de)(de)(de)前提下（比銅纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)截(jie)面大1 ~ 2 個等(deng)級或1. 5 倍的(de)(de)(de)銅纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)外(wai)徑(jing)）， 質量只要(yao)相同(tong)(tong)載流(liu)量銅纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)半， 對(dui)鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)裝(zhuang)置十分有(you)利。 運用(yong)中(zhong)或許呈現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)問題因(yin)為(wei)我國(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)廠家(jia)許多， 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)產能嚴峻過剩， 鋁(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)合(he)(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)剛(gang)出(chu)來就一(yi)(yi)哄(hong)而上， 絕(jue)大部分企(qi)業底子就不具有(you)查驗(yan)實驗(yan)驗(yan)證導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)是(shi)否是(shi)8000 系(xi)列導(dao)(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)手法和設(she)備設(she)備， 出(chu)產質量堪憂(you)。
其次是(shi)銜(xian)接(jie)問題： 正(zheng)確的銜(xian)接(jie)是(shi)用(yong)好鋁(lv)(lv)合金電纜(lan)的要害。鋁(lv)(lv)合金電纜(lan)銜(xian)接(jie)附(fu)件（接(jie)線端(duan)子(zi)） 也應該是(shi)鋁(lv)(lv)合金和銅(tong)的專用(yong)過渡端(duan)子(zi)， 這種附(fu)件國內還沒(mei)有(you)相關(guan)產(chan)品規范。而許多出產(chan)企業仍是(shi)選用(yong)傳統銅(tong)、鋁(lv)(lv)過渡端(duan)子(zi)， 這種端(duan)子(zi)銜(xian)接(jie)與(yu)曩昔(xi)鋁(lv)(lv)芯(xin)電纜(lan)的銜(xian)接(jie)沒(mei)有(you)差(cha)異， 增加了危險。
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電線電纜